Description

Static Var Generator (SVG / STATCOM) is an advanced dynamic reactive power compensation system based on a high-power voltage source inverter. By precisely controlling output voltage magnitude and phase through a reactor connection, SVG delivers fast capacitive or inductive reactive power to stabilize grid voltage and improve power quality. It represents the third generation of reactive power and voltage control technology in flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS).

SVG systems are widely used in transmission and distribution networks to enhance voltage stability, suppress flicker, correct power factor, balance loads, and mitigate harmonics. In high-voltage and large-capacity power grids, SVG significantly improves system stability, increases transmission capacity, and supports dynamic voltage control—making it an essential solution for modern inter-regional power networks.

In industrial and distribution applications, SVG provides real-time reactive power compensation for rapidly fluctuating loads such as electric arc furnaces and calcium carbide furnaces. This results in improved power quality and energy savings of typically 4%–15%, delivering strong economic benefits alongside reduced losses.

Control Principle

The SVG uses a self-commutated three-phase converter that functions as a controllable AC voltage source. By adjusting the magnitude and phase of the converter’s fundamental voltage, the system dynamically generates leading (capacitive) or lagging (inductive) reactive current, enabling seamless reactive power exchange with the grid. Compared to conventional SVC systems, SVG requires significantly smaller energy storage components (typically 12%–15% of SVC capacity), resulting in lower footprint, reduced cost, and higher efficiency.

Applications: Solar/wind farms, utilities, large industries.